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}} The Portland Building, alternatively referenced as the Portland Municipal Services Building, is a 15-story municipal office building located at 1120 SW 5th Avenue in downtown Portland, Oregon. Built at a cost of US$29 million, it opened in 1982 and was considered architecturally groundbreaking at the time.〔"Designs as varied as uses of city's newer buildings". ''The Oregonian'', February 19, 1990.〕〔Weiner, Ed (October 18, 1981). "The most famous building in Seattle is in Portland: Michael Graves' new building is an architectural milestone and is anything but boring". ''The Seattle Times'', p. E1/E4.〕 The building houses offices of the City of Portland and is located adjacent to Portland City Hall. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2011. ==History== The distinctive look of Michael Graves' Portland Building, with its use of a variety of surface materials and colors, small windows, and inclusion of prominent decorative flourishes, was in stark contrast to the architectural style most commonly used for large office buildings at the time,〔 and made the building an icon of postmodern architecture. It is the first major postmodern building, opening before Philip Johnson's AT&T Building, and its design has been described as a rejection of the Modernist principles established in the early 20th century. Graves' design was selected in a large design competition, with Johnson as one of the three members of the selection committee. Graves was added into the competition after Johnson threw out the entry from architect Gunnar Birkerts for having not been Postmodern enough. Birkerts went on to design the Detroit Institute of Arts South Wing, which was re-clad by Graves in 2007. Portland mayor Frank Ivancie was among those who expressed the opinion that the modernist style then being applied to most large office buildings had begun to make some American cities' downtowns look "boring",〔 with most of the newer, large buildings being covered in glass and steel, and largely lacking in design features that would make them stand out.〔 Among architects, reaction was mixed, with many criticizing the design while others embraced it as a welcome departure.〔 In 1985, the hammered-copper statue ''Portlandia'' was added above the front entrance.〔Crick, Rolla J. (October 7, 1985). "Thousands bid ‘Portlandia’ warm welcome: Statue lifted successfully to final spot". ''The Oregonian'', p. A1.〕 Beyond questions of style, many structural flaws came to light shortly after the building's completion. The building's failings are the subject of much humor and contempt by the civil servants who work there, who describe it as cheaply built and difficult to work in. In 1990, only eight years after it was built, the lobby and food court were in need of remodeling.〔 Four firms, including Michael Graves, were bidding for the job.〔 Karen Nichols of Michael Graves's firm said "Michael feels like he owes the city one.... We have done a lot of public buildings since then. I do know we talk about the Portland Building all the time."〔 It suffers from extensive water infiltration and structural issues, and city commissioners have called it a "white elephant" and considered demolishing it; as of 2015, city officials are considering spending $175 million to fully renovate the building. Michael Graves fiercely opposed demolition. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Portland Building」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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